{"id":1393,"date":"2024-12-13T12:15:59","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T12:15:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/?p=1393"},"modified":"2026-04-06T09:53:47","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T09:53:47","slug":"hardwoods-anatomy-and-functionality-of-their-elements-a-short-review","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/?p=1393","title":{"rendered":"Hardwoods: Anatomy and Functionality of Their Elements\u2014A Short Review"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1393\" class=\"elementor elementor-1393\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-72f3beba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"72f3beba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2547a241\" data-id=\"2547a241\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24263cee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24263cee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Autores:<\/strong> Luis G. Esteban, Paloma de Palacios, Peter Gasson, Alberto Garc\u00eda-Iruela,<br>Francisco Garc\u00eda-Fern\u00e1ndez and Lydia Garc\u00eda-Esteban<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Publicaci\u00f3n:<\/strong> Forests 15, 1162.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Enlace DOI: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/f15071162\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/f15071162<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Resumen:<\/strong> Hardwoods are complex heterogeneous and orthotropic structures that have evolved to<br>the present day, adapting to successive climate episodes to prosper on Earth. Attributing a specific<br>functionality to individual hardwood elements is difficult because of their interconnection in this<br>heterogeneous three-dimensional network. However, tree physiology research is helping to enhance<br>knowledge in this field. This work is a short review of the possible functionalities of hardwood<br>elements, in some cases supported by experimentation and in others by comparative anatomy. It<br>is intended for students or researchers starting out in the world of hardwood anatomy to aid their<br>understanding of the functionality of hardwood elements.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Autores: Luis G. Esteban, Paloma de Palacios, Peter Gasson, Alberto Garc\u00eda-Iruela,Francisco Garc\u00eda-Fern\u00e1ndez and Lydia Garc\u00eda-Esteban Publicaci\u00f3n: Forests 15, 1162. Enlace DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/f15071162 Resumen: Hardwoods are complex heterogeneous and orthotropic structures that have evolved tothe present day, adapting to successive climate episodes to prosper on Earth. Attributing a specificfunctionality to individual hardwood elements is difficult because [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1395,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articulos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1393"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2564,"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1393\/revisions\/2564"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1395"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cbds.montes.upm.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}